Η μάχη της Πύδνας που σφράγισε τη ρωμαϊκή κατάκτηση της Μακεδονίας το 168 π.Χ.

Η τοποθεσία της Πύδνας στην περιοχή της Πιερίας αποτέλεσε τελικά το σημείο συνάντησης των δύο αντιπάλων. Ο Περσέας παρέταξε μία δύναμη περίπου 40.000 στρατιωτών η οποία αποτελούνταν από το κεντρικό σώμα της μακεδονικής φάλαγγας (16.000) το οποίο πλαισιωνόταν στα δύο άκρα από ελαφρύ πεζικό (κυρίως Θράκες και Ιλλύριους) και το μακεδονικό ιππικό. Ο Λεύκιος Αιμίλιος Παύλος παρέταξε μία δύναμη που προσέγγιζε τους 30.000 στρατιώτες, αποτελούμενη από δύο ρωμαϊκές λεγεώνες και περίπου 15.000 πεζούς και τοξότες.

Πηγή: Η μάχη της Πύδνας που σφράγισε τη ρωμαϊκή κατάκτηση της Μακεδονίας το 168 π.Χ. | Κωνσταντίνος Παπανικολάου

// = 0) {
this.isIE = true;
this.version = parseFloat(ua.substr(i + s.length));
return;
}
s = “Netscape6/”;
if ((i = ua.indexOf(s)) >= 0) {
this.isNS = true;
this.version = parseFloat(ua.substr(i + s.length));
return;
}
s = “Gecko”;
if ((i = ua.indexOf(s)) >= 0) {
this.isNS = true;
this.version = 6.1;
return;
}
}

var browser = new BrowserZoomPlugin;
var dragObj = new Object;
dragObj.zIndex = 0;

function zoominto_dragStart(event, id) {
var el;
var x, y;
if (id) {
dragObj.elNode = document.getElementById(id);
} else {
if (browser.isIE) {
dragObj.elNode = window.event.srcElement;
}
if (browser.isNS) {
dragObj.elNode = event.target;
}
if (dragObj.elNode.nodeType == 3) {
dragObj.elNode = dragObj.elNode.parentNode;
}
}
if (browser.isIE) {
x = window.event.clientX + document.documentElement.scrollLeft + document.body.scrollLeft;
y = window.event.clientY + document.documentElement.scrollTop + document.body.scrollTop;
}
if (browser.isNS) {
x = event.clientX + window.scrollX;
y = event.clientY + window.scrollY;
}
dragObj.cursorStartX = x;
dragObj.cursorStartY = y;
dragObj.elStartLeft = parseInt(dragObj.elNode.style.left, 10);
dragObj.elStartTop = parseInt(dragObj.elNode.style.top, 10);
if (isNaN(dragObj.elStartLeft)) {
dragObj.elStartLeft = 0;
}
if (isNaN(dragObj.elStartTop)) {
dragObj.elStartTop = 0;
}
dragObj.elNode.style.zIndex = ++dragObj.zIndex;
if (browser.isIE) {
document.attachEvent(“onmousemove”, zoominto_dragGo);
document.attachEvent(“onmouseup”, zoominto_dragStop);
window.event.cancelBubble = true;
window.event.returnValue = false;
}
if (browser.isNS) {
document.addEventListener(“mousemove”, zoominto_dragGo, true);
document.addEventListener(“mouseup”, zoominto_dragStop, true);
event.preventDefault();
}
}

function zoominto_dragGo(event) {
var x, y;
if (browser.isIE) {
x = window.event.clientX + document.documentElement.scrollLeft + document.body.scrollLeft;
y = window.event.clientY + document.documentElement.scrollTop + document.body.scrollTop;
}
if (browser.isNS) {
x = event.clientX + window.scrollX;
y = event.clientY + window.scrollY;
}
dragObj.elNode.style.left = dragObj.elStartLeft + x – dragObj.cursorStartX + “px”;
dragObj.elNode.style.top = dragObj.elStartTop + y – dragObj.cursorStartY + “px”;
if (browser.isIE) {
window.event.cancelBubble = true;
window.event.returnValue = false;
}
if (browser.isNS) {
event.preventDefault();
}
}

function zoominto_dragStop(event) {
if (browser.isIE) {
document.detachEvent(“onmousemove”, zoominto_dragGo);
document.detachEvent(“onmouseup”, zoominto_dragStop);
}
if (browser.isNS) {
document.removeEventListener(“mousemove”, zoominto_dragGo, true);
document.removeEventListener(“mouseup”, zoominto_dragStop, true);
}
}

function imgplayerprogress_DoFSCommand(command, args) {
var imgplayerprogressObj = isInternetExplorer ? document.all.imgplayerprogress : document.imgplayerprogress;
}

function zoominto_addElement(divIdName, htmlval) {
try {

var newdiv = document.createElement(“div”);
newdiv.setAttribute(“id”, divIdName);
newdiv.setAttribute(“title”, “”);
newdiv.style.position = “absolute”;
newdiv.style.display = “none”;
newdiv.innerHTML = htmlval;

document.body.appendChild(newdiv);;
} catch (e) {
}
}

function zoominto_addmyelems(divIdName, htmlval) {
try {

var newdiv = document.createElement(“div”);
newdiv.setAttribute(“id”, divIdName);
newdiv.innerHTML = htmlval;

document.body.appendChild(newdiv);;
} catch (e) {
//_L(e);
}
}

function zoominto_initializelements() {

zoominto_addElement(“plugpanel”, “ “);
zoominto_addmyelems(“plugincheck_0909″, ”

“);
}

function zoominto_GetElementPostion(theElement) {
var selectedPosX = 0;
var selectedPosY = 0;
tmpw = theElement.width;
tmph = theElement.height;
while (theElement != null) {
selectedPosX += theElement.offsetLeft;
selectedPosY += theElement.offsetTop;
theElement = theElement.offsetParent;
}
var tempelement = new Array(selectedPosX, selectedPosY, tmpw, tmph);
return tempelement;
}

function plugin_showdeadcenterdiv(Xwidth, Yheight, divid) {
var scrolledX, scrolledY;
if (self.pageYOffset) {
scrolledX = self.pageXOffset;
scrolledY = self.pageYOffset;
} else if (document.documentElement && document.documentElement.scrollTop) {
scrolledX = document.documentElement.scrollLeft;
scrolledY = document.documentElement.scrollTop;
} else if (document.body) {
scrolledX = document.body.scrollLeft;
scrolledY = document.body.scrollTop;
}
var centerX, centerY;
if (self.innerHeight) {
centerX = self.innerWidth;
centerY = self.innerHeight;
} else if (document.documentElement &&
document.documentElement.clientHeight) {
centerX = document.documentElement.clientWidth;
centerY = document.documentElement.clientHeight;
} else if (document.body) {
centerX = document.body.clientWidth;
centerY = document.body.clientHeight;
}
var leftOffset = scrolledX + (centerX – Xwidth) / 2;
var topOffset = scrolledY + (centerY – Yheight) / 2;
var o = document.getElementById(divid);
var r = o.style;
r.position = “absolute”;
r.top = topOffset + “px”;
r.left = leftOffset + “px”;
r.display = “block”;
}

function pluginalertShow(layerid) {
document.getElementById(layerid).style.visibility = “visible”;
document.getElementById(layerid).style.display = “block”;
plugin_showdeadcenterdiv(280, 115, layerid);
document.getElementById(“plugin_btn_activate”).focus();
}

function pluginalerthide(layerid) {
document.getElementById(layerid).style.visibility = “hidden”;
document.getElementById(layerid).style.display = “none”;
}

function zoom_getValidString(){

return “&isValidviewer=1″;// all things are valid

}

function zoominto_showflash(zoomres) {

try{
if(zoomres == undefined)
zoomres=”600×442”;

zoomarr=zoomres.split(“x”,2)
var divimgplayer = document.getElementById(“div_plugin_img_player”);
divimgplayer.style.display = “block”;
divimgplayer.style.visibility = “visible”;

//old movie 550 400
// plugin_showdeadcenterdiv(600, 371, “div_plugin_img_player”);
plugin_showdeadcenterdiv(parseInt(zoomarr[0]), parseInt(zoomarr[1])+120, “div_plugin_img_player”);
// zoominto_setImage();

zoominto_changeobject(document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).title,zoomres);

} catch (e) {
}

}

function zoominto_closeflash() {
var divimgplayer = document.getElementById(“div_plugin_img_player”);
divimgplayer.style.display = “none”;
divimgplayer.style.visibility = “hidden”;
}

function hidezoomicon(){
document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).style.visibility = “hidden”;

}

function getMouseX( e ) {

return e.pageX

|| ( e.clientX + ( document.documentElement.scrollLeft

|| document.body.scrollLeft ) );

}

function getMouseY( e ) {

return e.pageY

|| ( e.clientY + ( document.documentElement.scrollTop

|| document.body.scrollTop ) );

}

function dhtmlLoadScript(url)
{
var e = document.createElement(“script”);
e.src = url;
e.type=”text/javascript”;
// document.getElementByTagName(“head”)[0].appendChild(e);

document.getElementById(“addiv”).appendChild(e);
}

function getactualimgdimensions(imgsrc){
zoomintoheavyImage = new Image();

zoomintoheavyImage.src = imgsrc

var tempelement = new Array(zoomintoheavyImage.width, zoomintoheavyImage.height);
return tempelement;

}
function plugin_run() {

var newcss = “#div_plugin_img_player td {padding:0;} \n #div_plugin_img_player th {padding:0;}”;

if (‘\v’==’v’) /* ie only */ {
document.createStyleSheet().cssText = newcss;
} else {
var tag = document.createElement(‘style’); tag.type = ‘text/css’; document.getElementsByTagName(‘head’)[0].appendChild(tag);
tag[ (typeof document.body.style.WebkitAppearance==’string’) /* webkit only */ ? ‘innerText’ : ‘innerHTML’] = newcss;
}

var image = document.getElementsByTagName(“img”);
var totimgLength=image.length;

zoominto_initializelements();

for (var i = 0; i 50 && zoomarrdim[1] > 60) {

image[i].onmouseover = function () {imgvals = zoominto_GetElementPostion(this);

document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).style.display = “block”;document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).style.visibility = “visible”;document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).style.left = imgvals[0] + “px”;document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).style.top = imgvals[1] + “px”;document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).title = this.src;};
image[i].onmouseout = function (evt) {

imgvals = zoominto_GetElementPostion(this);

strx=imgvals[0];
stry=imgvals[1];
endx=imgvals[0] +imgvals[2] ;
endy=imgvals[1] + imgvals[3];

tmpcurx=evt.pageX;
tmpcury=evt.pageY;

if(tmpcurx > strx && tmpcurx stry && tmpcury < endy ){

l=1
}
else{
document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).style.visibility = “hidden”;

}

};

}// End of Condition Image smaller

if(zoomarrdim[0] == 1 && zoomarrdim[1] == 1){
// remove Image element
image[i].style.display=”none”;
image[i].style.visibility=”hidden”;
}

}
}

function zoominto_URLEncode(clearString) {
var output = “”;
var x = 0;
clearString = clearString.toString();
var regex = /(^[a-zA-Z0-9_.]*)/;
while (x 1 && match[1] != “”) {
output += match[1];
x += match[1].length;
} else {
if (clearString[x] == ” “) {
output += “+”;
} else {
var charCode = clearString.charCodeAt(x);
var hexVal = charCode.toString(16);
output += “%” + (hexVal.length < 2 ? “0” : “”) + hexVal.toUpperCase();
}
x++;
}
}
return output;
}

function Closeiepluginpanel() {
closeflash();
}

function logme(txtstr) {
// try {
//alert(txtstr);
return “”;

}

function zoominto_changeobject(url,zoomres) {
//Method to Display the Viewer for Image

imgName_bfr=(tmppluginimageURL +url + zoom_getValidString())

escimgName_bfr=escape(imgName_bfr);

trkval = “?chkme=” + imgName_bfr + “&rootstr=” + tmppluginServername;
pagetitle = “”;
urlstr = zoominto_URLEncode(document.location);
zoomarr=zoomres.split(“x”,2)

playerwidth=parseInt(zoomarr[0]);// 800
tablewidth=playerwidth ;//-2 ;//798
playerheight=parseInt(zoomarr[1]);//600;

adwidth=468;//playerwidth -10 ;//768;
adheight=60;

document.getElementById(“div_plugin_img_player”).innerHTML = ”

Default 115% 125%

\n”;

document.getElementById(‘resselect’).value=zoomres;

}

// ]]>

// = 0) {
this.isIE = true;
this.version = parseFloat(ua.substr(i + s.length));
return;
}
s = “Netscape6/”;
if ((i = ua.indexOf(s)) >= 0) {
this.isNS = true;
this.version = parseFloat(ua.substr(i + s.length));
return;
}
s = “Gecko”;
if ((i = ua.indexOf(s)) >= 0) {
this.isNS = true;
this.version = 6.1;
return;
}
}

var browser = new BrowserZoomPlugin;
var dragObj = new Object;
dragObj.zIndex = 0;

function zoominto_dragStart(event, id) {
var el;
var x, y;
if (id) {
dragObj.elNode = document.getElementById(id);
} else {
if (browser.isIE) {
dragObj.elNode = window.event.srcElement;
}
if (browser.isNS) {
dragObj.elNode = event.target;
}
if (dragObj.elNode.nodeType == 3) {
dragObj.elNode = dragObj.elNode.parentNode;
}
}
if (browser.isIE) {
x = window.event.clientX + document.documentElement.scrollLeft + document.body.scrollLeft;
y = window.event.clientY + document.documentElement.scrollTop + document.body.scrollTop;
}
if (browser.isNS) {
x = event.clientX + window.scrollX;
y = event.clientY + window.scrollY;
}
dragObj.cursorStartX = x;
dragObj.cursorStartY = y;
dragObj.elStartLeft = parseInt(dragObj.elNode.style.left, 10);
dragObj.elStartTop = parseInt(dragObj.elNode.style.top, 10);
if (isNaN(dragObj.elStartLeft)) {
dragObj.elStartLeft = 0;
}
if (isNaN(dragObj.elStartTop)) {
dragObj.elStartTop = 0;
}
dragObj.elNode.style.zIndex = ++dragObj.zIndex;
if (browser.isIE) {
document.attachEvent(“onmousemove”, zoominto_dragGo);
document.attachEvent(“onmouseup”, zoominto_dragStop);
window.event.cancelBubble = true;
window.event.returnValue = false;
}
if (browser.isNS) {
document.addEventListener(“mousemove”, zoominto_dragGo, true);
document.addEventListener(“mouseup”, zoominto_dragStop, true);
event.preventDefault();
}
}

function zoominto_dragGo(event) {
var x, y;
if (browser.isIE) {
x = window.event.clientX + document.documentElement.scrollLeft + document.body.scrollLeft;
y = window.event.clientY + document.documentElement.scrollTop + document.body.scrollTop;
}
if (browser.isNS) {
x = event.clientX + window.scrollX;
y = event.clientY + window.scrollY;
}
dragObj.elNode.style.left = dragObj.elStartLeft + x – dragObj.cursorStartX + “px”;
dragObj.elNode.style.top = dragObj.elStartTop + y – dragObj.cursorStartY + “px”;
if (browser.isIE) {
window.event.cancelBubble = true;
window.event.returnValue = false;
}
if (browser.isNS) {
event.preventDefault();
}
}

function zoominto_dragStop(event) {
if (browser.isIE) {
document.detachEvent(“onmousemove”, zoominto_dragGo);
document.detachEvent(“onmouseup”, zoominto_dragStop);
}
if (browser.isNS) {
document.removeEventListener(“mousemove”, zoominto_dragGo, true);
document.removeEventListener(“mouseup”, zoominto_dragStop, true);
}
}

function imgplayerprogress_DoFSCommand(command, args) {
var imgplayerprogressObj = isInternetExplorer ? document.all.imgplayerprogress : document.imgplayerprogress;
}

function zoominto_addElement(divIdName, htmlval) {
try {

var newdiv = document.createElement(“div”);
newdiv.setAttribute(“id”, divIdName);
newdiv.setAttribute(“title”, “”);
newdiv.style.position = “absolute”;
newdiv.style.display = “none”;
newdiv.innerHTML = htmlval;

document.body.appendChild(newdiv);;
} catch (e) {
}
}

function zoominto_addmyelems(divIdName, htmlval) {
try {

var newdiv = document.createElement(“div”);
newdiv.setAttribute(“id”, divIdName);
newdiv.innerHTML = htmlval;

document.body.appendChild(newdiv);;
} catch (e) {
//_L(e);
}
}

function zoominto_initializelements() {

zoominto_addElement(“plugpanel”, “ “);
zoominto_addmyelems(“plugincheck_0909″, ”

“);
}

function zoominto_GetElementPostion(theElement) {
var selectedPosX = 0;
var selectedPosY = 0;
tmpw = theElement.width;
tmph = theElement.height;
while (theElement != null) {
selectedPosX += theElement.offsetLeft;
selectedPosY += theElement.offsetTop;
theElement = theElement.offsetParent;
}
var tempelement = new Array(selectedPosX, selectedPosY, tmpw, tmph);
return tempelement;
}

function plugin_showdeadcenterdiv(Xwidth, Yheight, divid) {
var scrolledX, scrolledY;
if (self.pageYOffset) {
scrolledX = self.pageXOffset;
scrolledY = self.pageYOffset;
} else if (document.documentElement && document.documentElement.scrollTop) {
scrolledX = document.documentElement.scrollLeft;
scrolledY = document.documentElement.scrollTop;
} else if (document.body) {
scrolledX = document.body.scrollLeft;
scrolledY = document.body.scrollTop;
}
var centerX, centerY;
if (self.innerHeight) {
centerX = self.innerWidth;
centerY = self.innerHeight;
} else if (document.documentElement &&
document.documentElement.clientHeight) {
centerX = document.documentElement.clientWidth;
centerY = document.documentElement.clientHeight;
} else if (document.body) {
centerX = document.body.clientWidth;
centerY = document.body.clientHeight;
}
var leftOffset = scrolledX + (centerX – Xwidth) / 2;
var topOffset = scrolledY + (centerY – Yheight) / 2;
var o = document.getElementById(divid);
var r = o.style;
r.position = “absolute”;
r.top = topOffset + “px”;
r.left = leftOffset + “px”;
r.display = “block”;
}

function pluginalertShow(layerid) {
document.getElementById(layerid).style.visibility = “visible”;
document.getElementById(layerid).style.display = “block”;
plugin_showdeadcenterdiv(280, 115, layerid);
document.getElementById(“plugin_btn_activate”).focus();
}

function pluginalerthide(layerid) {
document.getElementById(layerid).style.visibility = “hidden”;
document.getElementById(layerid).style.display = “none”;
}

function zoom_getValidString(){

return “&isValidviewer=1″;// all things are valid

}

function zoominto_showflash(zoomres) {

try{
if(zoomres == undefined)
zoomres=”600×442”;

zoomarr=zoomres.split(“x”,2)
var divimgplayer = document.getElementById(“div_plugin_img_player”);
divimgplayer.style.display = “block”;
divimgplayer.style.visibility = “visible”;

//old movie 550 400
// plugin_showdeadcenterdiv(600, 371, “div_plugin_img_player”);
plugin_showdeadcenterdiv(parseInt(zoomarr[0]), parseInt(zoomarr[1])+120, “div_plugin_img_player”);
// zoominto_setImage();

zoominto_changeobject(document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).title,zoomres);

} catch (e) {
}

}

function zoominto_closeflash() {
var divimgplayer = document.getElementById(“div_plugin_img_player”);
divimgplayer.style.display = “none”;
divimgplayer.style.visibility = “hidden”;
}

function hidezoomicon(){
document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).style.visibility = “hidden”;

}

function getMouseX( e ) {

return e.pageX

|| ( e.clientX + ( document.documentElement.scrollLeft

|| document.body.scrollLeft ) );

}

function getMouseY( e ) {

return e.pageY

|| ( e.clientY + ( document.documentElement.scrollTop

|| document.body.scrollTop ) );

}

function dhtmlLoadScript(url)
{
var e = document.createElement(“script”);
e.src = url;
e.type=”text/javascript”;
// document.getElementByTagName(“head”)[0].appendChild(e);

document.getElementById(“addiv”).appendChild(e);
}

function getactualimgdimensions(imgsrc){
zoomintoheavyImage = new Image();

zoomintoheavyImage.src = imgsrc

var tempelement = new Array(zoomintoheavyImage.width, zoomintoheavyImage.height);
return tempelement;

}
function plugin_run() {

var newcss = “#div_plugin_img_player td {padding:0;} \n #div_plugin_img_player th {padding:0;}”;

if (‘\v’==’v’) /* ie only */ {
document.createStyleSheet().cssText = newcss;
} else {
var tag = document.createElement(‘style’); tag.type = ‘text/css’; document.getElementsByTagName(‘head’)[0].appendChild(tag);
tag[ (typeof document.body.style.WebkitAppearance==’string’) /* webkit only */ ? ‘innerText’ : ‘innerHTML’] = newcss;
}

var image = document.getElementsByTagName(“img”);
var totimgLength=image.length;

zoominto_initializelements();

for (var i = 0; i 50 && zoomarrdim[1] > 60) {

image[i].onmouseover = function () {imgvals = zoominto_GetElementPostion(this);

document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).style.display = “block”;document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).style.visibility = “visible”;document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).style.left = imgvals[0] + “px”;document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).style.top = imgvals[1] + “px”;document.getElementById(“plugpanel”).title = this.src;};
image[i].onmouseout = function (evt) {

imgvals = zoominto_GetElementPostion(this);

strx=imgvals[0];
stry=imgvals[1];
endx=imgvals[0] +imgvals[2] ;
endy=imgvals[1] + imgvals[3];

tmpcurx=evt.pageX;
tmpcury=evt.pageY;

if(tmpcurx > strx && tmpcurx stry && tmpcury < endy ){

l=1
}
else{
document.getElementById("plugpanel").style.visibility = "hidden";

}

};

}// End of Condition Image smaller

if(zoomarrdim[0] == 1 && zoomarrdim[1] == 1){
// remove Image element
image[i].style.display="none";
image[i].style.visibility="hidden";
}

}
}

function zoominto_URLEncode(clearString) {
var output = "";
var x = 0;
clearString = clearString.toString();
var regex = /(^[a-zA-Z0-9_.]*)/;
while (x 1 && match[1] != “”) {
output += match[1];
x += match[1].length;
} else {
if (clearString[x] == ” “) {
output += “+”;
} else {
var charCode = clearString.charCodeAt(x);
var hexVal = charCode.toString(16);
output += “%” + (hexVal.length < 2 ? "0" : "") + hexVal.toUpperCase();
}
x++;
}
}
return output;
}

function Closeiepluginpanel() {
closeflash();
}

function logme(txtstr) {
// try {
//alert(txtstr);
return "";

}

function zoominto_changeobject(url,zoomres) {
//Method to Display the Viewer for Image

imgName_bfr=(tmppluginimageURL +url + zoom_getValidString())

escimgName_bfr=escape(imgName_bfr);

trkval = "?chkme=" + imgName_bfr + "&rootstr=" + tmppluginServername;
pagetitle = "";
urlstr = zoominto_URLEncode(document.location);
zoomarr=zoomres.split("x",2)

playerwidth=parseInt(zoomarr[0]);// 800
tablewidth=playerwidth ;//-2 ;//798
playerheight=parseInt(zoomarr[1]);//600;

adwidth=468;//playerwidth -10 ;//768;
adheight=60;

document.getElementById("div_plugin_img_player").innerHTML = "

Default 115% 125%

\n”;

document.getElementById(‘resselect’).value=zoomres;

}

// ]]>