Εργαλεία και στρατηγικές διαχείρισης
Μάρτιος-Αύγουστος 2024
Βλ. σελ. 34, Βιβλίο Μαθητή, Δ′ τάξη, ο διάλογος σε διασκευή
Sophia: So, Andrew, tell us about your country. Where is it?
Andrew: It’s in Europe, like Greece. It’s called the “United Kingdom”—it’s an island in the north-west of Europe, surrounded by water and known for its frequent rain. It’s made up of four parts: England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.
Nick: And you’re from Oxford, right?
Andrew: Yep, that’s right. Oxford is a city near London. It’s like London’s fancy older brother who reads loads of books. It’s in England.
Sophia: Can you tell us a bit more?
Andrew: Sure! It’s a beautiful place—full of mountains, rivers and trees. Oh, and we’ve got more sheep than people!
Sophia: Greece is beautiful, too. We have mountains, rivers, trees and the most amazing beaches!
Nick: Beaches? Oh, I’m listening now!
Andrew: Well, the sea in the UK is like a giant ice bath. If you swim, you’ll need a wetsuit and probably a cup of tea to warm up after!
Sophia: Ha! I think our warm beaches and sunshine definitely put us ahead of you.
Andrew: True, true. You’ve got the sunshine. We’ve got…umbrellas. But we make up for it with our amazing tea. You can’t beat a good cuppa—trust me, it solves almost everything.
Nick: Oh, tea! Does it come with scones?
Andrew: Of course! We don’t just drink tea—we have tea. It’s an event. You don’t drink it; you experience it.
Glossary
Surrounded: To be completely enclosed or encircled by something, in this case, water.
Frequent: Happening often; in this context, it refers to the regular occurrence of rain.
Wetsuit: A special suit made of material that keeps a person warm in cold water, often used for swimming or surfing.
Cuppa: A slang term for a cup of tea, often used in British English.
Scones: A type of baked product, similar to a biscuit, often served with tea, typically enjoyed with jam and cream.
Experience: To participate in or undergo something; in the context of tea, it means to enjoy the social aspect of drinking tea.
Quiz
1. What is the United Kingdom known for?
a. Warm beaches
b. Frequent rain
c. Deserts
d. Tropical forests
2. How many parts make up the United Kingdom?
a. Three
b. Four
c. Five
d. Two
3. Which city is Andrew from?
a. London
b. Berlin
c. Oxford
d. Paris
4. What does Sophia say Greece has that puts Greece ahead of the UK?
a. More mountains
b. Better food
c. Warm beaches and sunshine
d. More sheep
5. What is something special in the UK that Andrew mentions?
a. Scones
b. Hamburgers
c. Sushi
d. Tacos
6. According to Andrew, what is tea in the UK?
a. Just a drink
b. A type of fruit
c. An event
d. A kind of bread
Μία διασκευή του κειμένου από τη σελ. 5, βιβλίο Pupil’s Workbook, ΣΤ′ τάξη
Dear Tom and Jane,
I’m thrilled to be here in Bucksport, a cosy little town in the state of Maine. The weather is chilly and snowy. Helen and I are staying at our friend George Hurley’s house. The Hurleys are very kind people, and right now, we’re enjoying a hot cup of tea while taking in the fantastic view of the harbour. Mrs Hurley, our friend’s mum, is baking some brownies for us—they’re a favourite treat around here!
Bucksport is a peaceful, coastal town at the end of Penobscot Bay. Visitors love the view of Fort Knox, which stands proudly across the bay. Most people here work in the local paper mill, the International Paper Company, or run their own small businesses. The locals are warm, welcoming, and love to chat. They’re also really into sports! They often go skiing, sailing, and play golf, basketball, or tennis. When they’re not playing sports, they like taking relaxing walks along the mile-long marina.
Bucksport is a unique place to visit, and I feel so happy here. I’m not ready to leave this peaceful spot.
Love,
Nick
Quiz
1. Where is Nick currently staying in Bucksport?
a. At a hotel
b. At the marina
c. At George Hurley’s house
d. At a bed and breakfast
2. What is the weather like in Bucksport according to Nick’s letter?
a. Hot and sunny
b. Mild and rainy
c. Chilly and snowy
d. Warm and windy
3. What is Mrs Hurley baking for Nick and his friends?
a. Cookies
b. Brownies
c. Bread
d. Muffins
4. Which activity is NOT mentioned as a popular sport in Bucksport?
a. Football
b. Skiing
c. Basketball
d. Sailing
5. What do most people in Bucksport do for work, according to the letter?
a. Fish
b. Farm
c. Work at the local paper mill
d. Work in tourism
The terms “harbour/harbor” and “port” are often used interchangeably, but they have distinct meanings:
Harbour: A harbour is a sheltered area along a coast where ships, boats, and other watercraft can take refuge from rough waters. It may be naturally protected by land formations like bays and inlets or enhanced by man-made structures such as breakwaters. A harbour is mainly about providing a safe space from the open sea and does not necessarily involve facilities for loading and unloading cargo.
Port: A port is a facility within or near a harbour that has infrastructure for handling the arrival and departure of ships. It includes docks, warehouses, cranes, and other equipment needed for loading and unloading goods, as well as passenger terminals. Ports are typically commercial hubs where shipping, trading, and transportation services are provided.
In summary: All ports are harbours (since they’re located in sheltered waters), but not all harbours are ports, as they may lack the commercial infrastructure needed for goods and passengers.
➽ Βλ. σελ. 27–34 του βιβλίου Student’s Book της Γ′ τάξης
Quiz
1. Who is the main character in the story?
a. Billy
b. Kelly
c. Fiona
d. Mr Albert
2. What is Mr Albert?
a. A cat
b. A dog
c. A monkey
d. A parrot
3. Where do the friends want to look for magic things?
a. In the house
b. In the garden
c. At the airport
d. At the playground
4. What do they find in the grass?
a. A stone
b. A book
c. A hat
d. A pen
5. What do the friends pretend to be?
a. Knights
b. Pirates
c. Teachers
d. Animals
6. What do they find in the box?
a. A treasure map
b. A toy car
c. A magic wand
d. A pair of shoes
7. What do the friends say about fighting?
a. It’s fun
b. Friends don’t fight
c. It’s necessary
d. It’s a game
8. Who is excited about the flower?
a. Billy
b. Fiona
c. Kelly
d. Everyone
9. What do the friends want to play with?
a. A ball
b. A doll
c. A key
d. A kite
10. What do the friends do all day long?
a. Sleep
b. Play together
c. Read books
d. Watch TV 
The Federal Republic of Germany is made up of 16 federal states, the Länder.
Most of the federal states are fairly large in terms of surface area. However, Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen are classified as city-states, being cities that simultaneously hold federal state status.
Some states call themselves a “free state” (Freistaat). It is merely a historic synonym for “republic” and was a description used by most German states after the abolishment of monarchy after World War I. Today, Freistaat is associated emotionally with a more independent status, especially in Bavaria. However, it has no legal significance.
Baden-Württemberg
Bavaria free state
Berlin city-state
Brandenburg
Bremen city-state
Hamburg city-state
Hesse
Mecklenburg–Western Pomerania
Lower Saxony
North Rhine-Westphalia
Rhineland-Palatinate
Saarland
Saxony free state
Saxony-Anhalt
Schleswig-Holstein
Thuringia free state
simultaneously ταυτόχρονα
merely απλώς, μονάχα
emotionally συναισθηματικά
especially ειδικά
Ένα βίντεο που έφτιαξα για το Νικόλα
The Lion King
Embrace the Softness of Down
Tι σημαίνει down? (όχι, δεν εννοούμε «κάτω»)
Πώς προφέρεται το duvet? (κάνετε κλικ πάνω στη λέξη)
Imagine being as snug as a penguin in an igloo! That’s what this duvet feels like. Filled with soft down feathers (don’t worry, the birds are fine), it keeps you warm on chilly nights and cool when it’s hot. It’s like getting a big, feathery hug all night long.
Ready to snooze like a penguin wrapped in clouds? This duvet’s got you covered!
(soft feathers) πούπουλα
These pillows are filled with goose down.
Αυτά τα μαξιλάρια είναι γεμισμένα με πούπουλα χήνας.
(soft hair) χνούδι
He was sixteen and had down on his chin.
Ήταν 16 ετών και είχε χνούδι στο πηγούνι του.
duvet πάπλωμα, προφ. περίπου σαν ντούβεϊ (GB) ή ντουβέι (US)
In cases where products like duvets, pillows or jackets are filled with down feathers, companies often claim that the feathers are ethically sourced, meaning the birds (typically ducks or geese) are not harmed during the process. One common method is collecting feathers that birds naturally shed during molting, or taking feathers from birds that are already being raised for food. This way, the harvesting of feathers doesn’t involve cruelty.
However, it’s important to be aware that not all companies follow these ethical practices, and the treatment of animals can vary depending on the source. Brands that use ethically sourced down often certify their products with labels like the Responsible Down Standard (RDS), which guarantees that the birds are treated humanely.
Pupils’s Workbook, p.3, ΣΤ’ τάξη
Here’s a more natural version of the dialogue:
George: I really like this restaurant!
Helena: Yeah, I always come here on Saturday nights. The food’s amazing. Oh, look! Here’s Mr Thorne, the owner.
Mr Thorne: We always prepare a variety of meals on Saturday nights. Come and have a look at what we’ve got.
Helena and George: Sure!
Mr Thorne: Here we are. This is Bill, our chef. He is making some chicken soup right now.
Bill: Actually, I am preparing a chicken salad. The soup’s already done.
Helena: Is that parsley?
Bill: Yes, I usually put onions in, but tonight I am adding some parsley as well.
George: It smells fantastic!
Bill: Thanks!
This sounds more conversational and natural, with slight changes in word choice to reflect casual dialogue.
Η λύση της άσκησης D, σελ. 9, Activity Book, Ε′ τάξη.
1. Where do you come from? I come from Greece.
2. Does a crocodile climb trees? No, of course not.
3. What does a doctor do? He/She works in a hospital and takes care of people who are ill.
4. How often do you see a dentist? I visit my dentist once a year.
5. People in Greece celebrate Christmas the same way people in the U.K. do, don’t they?
Well, I suppose so. Christmas is an international feast, even though it’s a religious celebration, so people all over the world have fun and enjoy themselves.
6. Where does a postman work? He works at the Post Office and delivers letters all over the neighbourhood.
Το ίδιο κείμενο σε διασκευή, με πιο δύσκολο λεξιλόγιο:
1. Where do you come from? I hail from the land of ancient philosophers and Olympic glory—Greece, of course!
2. Does a crocodile climb trees? Good heavens, no! That would be like asking a kangaroo to fly a hot air balloon—simply preposterous!
3. What does a doctor do? Why, they work wonders in the hallowed halls of the hospital, mending the aches and pains of the poor souls who come under their care. It’s a noble profession, don’t you agree?
4. How often do you see a dentist? Well, mate, I make sure to visit my tooth tamer once a year, lest they find a cavity or two and scold me for my sweet tooth!
5. People in Greece celebrate Christmas the same way people in the U.K. do, don’t they? Ah, but you see, the Greeks have a unique twist on the festive season. Instead of hanging stockings, we leave our shoes out for the mischievous elf-like kallikantzaroi to fill! And don’t even get me started on the delectable Christmas delicacies we indulge in.
6. Where does a postman work? Come on, at the Post Office, of course! And let me tell you, those dedicated posties certainly earn their keep, delivering letters and parcels to every nook and cranny of the neighbourhood, rain or shine!
GB
USA