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                                    St. Patrick’s  Day                               

St. Patrick is the patron saint and national apostle of Ireland. He was born in the fourth century and is famous for bringing Christianity into Ireland. St. Patrick’s Day is a very well known Irish national holiday, which is celebrated not only in Ireland but all around the world. It falls on the 17th of March   

  History of St. Patrick                  

St. Patrick was born to wealthy parents in the late fourth century. Until the age of 16, he thought of himself as a pagan. He was kidnapped and sold as a slave at this age by Irish marauders. It was during this capture that he turned to God.

He managed to escape after being a slave for six years and then studied in a monastery in Gaul for 12 years. This was when he knew that his ‘calling’ was to try and convert all the pagans in Ireland to Christianity.

St. Patrick went around Ireland founding monasteries and successfully converting people to Christianity. The Celtic Druids were very unhappy with him and tried to arrest him several times but he always managed to escape.

After 30 years of being a missionary in Ireland, he finally settled down in a place called County Down. He died on the 17th of March, AD 461.

Legend and Folklore
Shamrocks, leprechauns and the blarney stone are associated with St. Patrick’s Day. Shamrocks are three-leaved clovers found growing in patches on grass. You are thought to be lucky if you find a four-leaved clover, so do keep it if you ever come across one!

Leprechauns are little Irish fairies, and they are thought to work as shoe-makers for other fairies. The Irish say that if a leprechaun is caught by a human, he will reveal where he hides his pot of gold. On this day, pictures of shamrocks and leprechauns are hung everywhere. Some people even dress up as leprechauns complete with their big green hats!

The village of Blarney is situated northwest of the Irish city of Cork. Blarney comes from the Irish word ‘An blarna’, meaning the plain. Blarney Castle is a very famous castle in this village and is 90 feet tall. The world famous Blarney Stone is on the top story. It is said that if one kisses this stone, one will be given the gift of eloquence, meaning to have beautiful speaking abilities. Nowadays, the word blarney means the ability to influence and coax with fair words and soft speech without offending.

Legend also says that St. Patrick could raise people from the dead. He is well-known for driving the snakes out of Ireland, although many people dispute how true this is! Another great story was how he used the shamrock, with its three leaves, to explain the Holy Trinity (the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost) to his followers.

What Do People Do on St. Patrick’s Day?
St. Patrick’s Day is celebrated world-wide with people dancing and singing in Irish pubs, watching the St. Patrick’s Day parade, drinking ‘green’ beer, wearing green clothes and just generally having a good time. Children in Ireland have a tradition of pinching their friends who don’t wear green on this day!

Traditional Food and Drink on St. Patrick’s Day
Bacon and cabbage is what most people have on this day. Another popular dish is Irish soda bread and potato pancakes. Irish pub owners go crazy on this day, putting green food colouring into their beers and traditional Irish Guinness Stout is a sell out in all Irish pubs! People also drink lots of Irish coffee, which is made with warm whiskey, sugar, coffee and topped off with cream. Sounds delicious? It is!

Irish Proverbs          
The Irish have many proverbs but here are some favourites.

Irish Humour
The Irish are famous for their jokes and good nature. Here’s an example:

Definition of an Irish husband:
He hasn’t kissed his wife in 20 years but he will kill any man who does!

Now that you know almost everything about St. Patrick’s Day, go out on March the 17th and enjoy yourselves! Why not try and spot a leprechaun or two to find your pot of gold…?

Whatever it may be, don’t forget to wear green on this special day!…Shamrock: a plant which has three round leaves arranged in a triangular pattern on each stem. According to legend, Saint Patrick used a shamrock to explain to the people the idea of the Trinity – that in the one God there are three divine beings:  the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit.

History
The Irish Famine, 1846-1850: It began with a blight of the potatoo crop that left acre upon acre of Irish farmland covered with black rot. Read more

Your Turn:
What is your national day? What do people do to celebrate it? Who is the patron saint or most important historical figure in your country?

Links
Wikipedia: Ireland
World Fact Book: Ireland
Lonely Planet: Ireland
Searc’s Web Guide to Irish Resources on the Internet

When Irish Eyes are Smiling            
Music by Ernest R. Ball Lyrics by Chauncey Olcott and George Graff, Jr.

Below are 8 Statements about the text. For each one, decide if it is True or False.

1.      Before the 4^th century the people of Ireland knew a lot about Christianity T   F

2.      St. Patrick is famous for introducing Christianity to Ireland. T    F

3.      St Patrick was a slave all his life  T  F

4.      Four-leaved clovers are very easy to find    T  F

5.      The Irish believe that leprechauns like to catch humans and steal their money TF

6.      People kiss the Blarney stone because they believe it will help them become beautiful speakers T  F

7.      Irish coffee is made with alcohol  T  F

8.      On St. Patrick’s Day people usually dress in green  T F

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