ΣΟΜΑΛΙΑ – Η ΠΑΤΡΙΔΑ ΤΟΥ ΣΑΝΤΑΚ
Somalia is a country in East Africa, with extensive coasts north, east and southeast in the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean respectively, as it is located in the so-called Horn of Africa. It borders Ethiopia to the northwest, Djibouti to the west and Kenya to the southwest.
The entire Somali population and land area was separated between five countries during the colonial period British Somaliland, Italian Somaliland, French Somaliland, Ethiopia and Kenya. The present-day Republic of Somalia was formed when British and Italian Somaliland were united as an independent state in 1960. However, significant numbers of ethnic Somalis continue to reside in the regions they have historically inhabited across the Horn of Africa which now belong to the countries of Djibouti (former French Somaliland), the Ogaden region of Ethiopia and northeastern Kenya.
The capital city of Somalia is Mogadishu. The official language of the country is Somali and the second language is Arabic. The population of the country is 20 million. The area of the country is 637,657km square. The national currency is shilling Somalia. Somalia has the longest coastline in Africa mainland. Also the country has two perennial river, the Jubba and the Shabbelle.
Πολιτισμός και Θρησκεία Culture and religion
The Somali people share a common language, Somali, and most are Muslims of the Sunni sect. Somalis also live in northern Kenya; in the Ogaden region of eastern Ethiopia; and in Djibouti, to the northwest of Somalia. In spite of national boundaries, all Somalis consider themselves one people. This unity makes them one of Africa’s largest ethnic groups.
Φαγητό και Οικονομία
Food in Daily Life. Milk from camels, goats, and cows is a major food for Somali herdsmen and nomadic families. Young men tending camel herds during the rainy season may drink up to ten quarts of milk a day. Aging camels may be slaughtered for their meat, especially when guests are expected for a celebration, and the fatty camel’s hump is considered a delicacy. Meat, including liver, from sheep and goats also is popular, but meat is served only a few times a month, usually on special occasions. Durra (a grain sorghum), honey, dates, rice, and tea are other food staples for nomads. Farmers in southern Somalia grow corn, beans, sorghum, millet, squash, and a few other vegetables and fruits. Boiled millet and rice are staples, but rice must be imported. The most popular bread is muufo, a flat bread made from ground corn flour. Somalis season their food with butter and ghee, the clear liquid skimmed from melted butter. They also sweeten their food with sugar, sorghum, or honey. A holdover from Italian occupation in the south is a love for pasta and marinara sauce. Although fish is plentiful in the waters off the Somali coast, Somalis generally do not like fish. In accordance with the Muslim faith, they do not eat pork or drink alcohol. Milk, tea, coffee, and water are favorite drinks. Carbonated drinks are available in cities.
Πολιτική Politics
Government. During most of the 1990s there was no central government in Somalia. However, some of the fifty districts and eight regional councils formed at the Addis Accords of March 1993 survived into 2000.
Leadership and Political Officials. Somalis are traditionally an independent and democratic people but are fiercely loyal to their clan and its associated political party. Ceremonial clan leaders are called sultans, or bokor in Somali, a term referring to binding the people together. Actual rule and enforcement of clan laws usually fall to the elders and a council made up of the clan’s adult males Somalia’s first modern political party, the Somali Youth Club (SYC), was formed in Mogadishu in 1943, at the urging of British colonial officials. A multi clan organization that favored Somali unity, it was renamed the Somali Youth League (SYL) in 1947. Throughout Somalia’s modern history it remained the strongest political party. The beginning of the democracy In June 1961, Somalia adopted its first national constitution in a countrywide referendum, which provided for a democratic state with a parliamentary form of government based on European model.
Γάμος, Οικογένεια και Παιδιά Marriage, family and kinship
Marriage. Somali marriages have traditionally been considered a bond between not just a man and a woman but also between clans and families. Until very recently, most Somali marriages were arranged, usually between an older man with some wealth and the father of a young woman he wished to wed. These customs still hold true in many rural areas in the twenty-first century. The man pays a bride price usually in livestock or money to the woman’s family. Weddings are joyous occasions, but the couple often signs an agreement giving the bride a certain amount of property hould the couple divorce, which is common in Somalia. The husband holds the property in trust for her. Tradition calls for the wife to relinquish her right to the property if she initiates the divorce. Islamic law permits a man to have up to four wives if he can provide them and their children with equal support. If a man repeats three times to his wife, “I divorce you,” the couple is considered divorced. The wife is given a three-month grace period, however, in case she should be pregnant.
Οι διάσημοι άνθρωποι The Famous people
δρομείς runners: mohamed farah (Somali British)
bashir abdi abdi
nageeye
musician: knaan is the one who sang the world cup at 2010 waving flag in south africa.
shiriihan Mohamed Abdulle (CHERRIE) (Somali Swedish)
model: Halima Adan (Somali US)
Iman abdulmajid (somali US)
yasmin Abshir Warsame (Somali Canadian)