UNIT 4 – The history of the aeroplane
VOCABULARY
| p.38 – 39 | |
| receive=λαμβάνω flier=ιπτάμενος pen friend=φίλος δι’ αλληλογραφίας force=δύναμη similar=παρόμοιος flight=πτήση simulator=προσομοιωτής file=αρχείο worksheet=φύλλο εργασίας invent=εφευρίσκω inventor=εφευρέτης invention=εφεύρεση return=επιστρέφω admire=θαυμάζω |
grow up=μεγαλώνω last=διαρκώ classmate=συμμαθητής cover=καλύπτω repair=fix=επισκευάζω fuselage=άτρακτος experiment=πείραμα fin=πτερύγιο aileron=πηδάλιο κλίσης cockpit=πιλοτήριο nose wheel=μπροστινός τροχός wing=φτερό landing gear=τροχός προσγείωσης rudder=πηδάλιο, τιμόνι |
| p.42 – 43 | |
| air pocket=κενό αέρος above the ocean=πάνω απ’ τον ωκεανό passenger=επιβάτης pray – prayer=προσεύχομαι – προσευχή say my prayers=λέω την προσευχή μου drag=οπισθέλκουσα thrust=ώθηση lift=άνωση gravity=βαρύτητα forward ≠ backward=προς τα εμπρός ≠ προς τα πίσω |
downward ≠ upward=προς τα πάνω ≠ προς τα κάτω cargo=φορτίο speed=ταχύτητα sound=ήχος engine=μηχανή material=υλικό rocket=πύραυλος orbit=τροχιά , κινούμαι σε τροχιά in order to=για να |
READING COMPREHENSION
ΣΤΟ ΠΑΡΑΚΑΤΩ ΚΕΙΜΕΝΟ Η MARY ΚΑΙ Ο JIM ΣΥΖΗΤΟΥΝ ΜΕ ΤΟΝ ΠΑΤΕΡΑ ΤΟΥΣ ΓΙΑ ΕΝΑ ΠΡΟΒΛΗΜΑ ΠΟΥ ΕΙΧΕ ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΕΙ ΣΕ ΕΝΑ ΤΑΞΙΔΙ ΤΟΥ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΗΝ ΙΡΛΑΝΔΙΑ.ΔΙΑΒΑΣΕ ΤΟ ΚΕΙΜΕΝΟ ΚΑΙ ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΕ ΣΤΙΣ ΕΡΩΤΗΣΕΙΣ ΠΟΥ ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΟΥΝ.
AN AIR POCKET
Jim: How safe are aeroplanes, father? Father: Very safe. They are the safest means of transport. Mary: Dad, tell us again about that flight incident with the air pocket. Father: Yes… it happened in 1985. I was travelling on a Boeing 747 from New York to Ireland. Mary and Jim: To Ireland! Father: Yes. It was a business trip. Well, we were flying over the ocean when the plane took a dive. The airhostess was serving coffee and the passenger next to me was sleeping. I was reading a magazine. The cup of hot coffee was spilt on the magazine. Suddenly , the passenger next to me woke up terrified. The plane was shaking and many passengers were screaming. I knew that something was wrong. While I was saying my prayers, I heard the captain’s calm voice. “Please fasten your seatbelts. Don’t panic. It was only an air pocket. Everything is all right. We are going to land in Dublin, Ireland in about an hour. Enjoy your coffee.” Jim: Oh… planes meet air pockets and they also meet stormy weather. Father: That’s why we should fasten our seatbelts…
a. When did the flight incident happen?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
b. What problem did the pilot and passengers meet?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
c. Was it while they were flying or not?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
d. What was the airhostess doing?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
e. What was Jim’s father doing?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
f. What was the passenger next to Jim’s father doing?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
g. What did the passenger next to Jim’s father suddenly do?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
h. What were many passengers doing ? Why?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
i. Was the pilot calm?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
j)What did the pilot do?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
GRAMMAR
SIMPLE PAST
REGULAR VERBS (ΟΜΑΛΑ ΡΗΜΑΤΑ)
| ΚΑΤΑΦΑΣΗ | ΕΡΩΤΗΣΗ | ΑΡΝΗΣΗ |
| I worked You worked He/She/It worked We worked You worked They worked |
Did I work? Did you work? Did he/she/it work? Did we work? Did you work? Did they work? |
I didn’t work You didn’t work He/She/It didn’t work We didn’t work You didn’t work They didn’t work |
IRREGULAR VERBS (ΑΝΩΜΑΛΑ ΡΗΜΑΤΑ)
| ΚΑΤΑΦΑΣΗ | ΕΡΩΤΗΣΗ | ΑΡΝΗΣΗ |
| I went You went He/She/It went We went You went They went |
Did I go? Did you go? Did he/she/it go? Did we go? Did you go? Did they go? |
I didn’t go You didn’t go He/She/It didn’t go We didn’t go You didn’t go They didn’t go |
USE (=ΧΡΗΣΗ) – KEY WORDS (=ΛΕΞΕΙΣ ΚΛΕΙΔΙΑ)
- Χρησιμοποιούμε τον Απλό αόριστο για να περιγράψουμε μια πράξη η οποία άρχισε και τελείωσε στο παρελθόν και γνωρίζουμε το ΠΟΤΕ έγινε .
- Οι λέξεις που χρησιμοποιούνται συνήθως με τον Απλό Αόριστο είναι:yesterday = χθες , ago = πριν , last = προηγούμενος , when = πότε ή όταν
e.g Mary went to the cinema last week.
I bought a new bike yesterday.
When did you cook dinner?
My grandfather died 15 years ago.
PAST CONTINUOUS
| ΚΑΤΑΦΑΣΗ | ΕΡΩΤΗΣΗ | ΑΡΝΗΣΗ |
| I was working You were working He/She/It was working We were working You were working They were working |
Was I working? Were you working? Was he/she/it working? Were we working? Were you working? Were they working? |
I wasn’t working You weren’t working He/She/It wasn’t working We weren’t working You weren’t working They weren’t working |
USE (=ΧΡΗΣΗ)
Ο Αόριστος Διαρκείας χρησιμοποιείται για μια πράξη που γινόταν :
- σε μια συγκεκριμένη στιγμή στο παρελθόν.
e.g I was doing my homework at 6 o’clock in the evening.
- παράλληλα με μια άλλη πράξη και τις συνδέουμε με το while=ενώ ή το as=ενώ, καθώς
e.g Mum was cooking while dad was watering the plants.
- όταν ξαφνικά διακόπηκε από μια άλλη πράξη και τις συνδέουμε με το when = όταν
e.g I was watching TV when the telephone rang.
WHEN – WHILE
When + short action (Simple Past)
While + long action (Past Continuous)
e.g I was sleeping when the doorbell rang.
(Κοιμόμουν όταν χτύπησε το κουδούνι)
While he was playing basketball , he broke his leg.
(Ενώ έπαιζε μπάσκετ , έσπασε το πόδι του)
SIMPLE PAST – PAST CONTINUOUS
A) ΒΑΛΕ ΤΑ ΡΗΜΑΤΑ ΣΤΟΝ ΑΠΛΟ ΑΟΡΙΣΤΟ
1)My brother and I …………………………. (finish) our homework a few minutes ago.
2)Susan ……………………….. (like) skating when she was a girl.
3)Joe ………………….…… (break) his leg three weeks ago.
4)He ……………………….. (not / listen) to music yesterday.
5)Mum …………………….….. (make) a big chocolate cake a few hours ago.
6)My parents …………………….….. (go) to the theatre last night.
7)Where ………………………………. (you / leave) your jacket?
8)He ………………………….……. (drink) two glasses of water.
9)I …………………………..…… (meet) George in 2018.
10)They ………………….……. (see) a lot of animals at the zoo yesterday.
B) ΒΑΛΕ ΤΑ ΡΗΜΑΤΑ ΣΤΟΝ ΑΟΡΙΣΤΟ ΔΙΑΡΚΕΙΑΣ
At 4 o’clock yesterday…
- Bob – have an exam
Bob was having an exam.
- the boys – sleep
…………………………………………………………………………
- Liz – do her homework
…………………………………………………………………………
- the kids – watch TV
………………………………………………………………………….
- Mum – plant a tree
…………………………………………………………………………
C) ΑΟΡΙΣΤΟΣ ΑΠΛΟΣ ή ΑΟΡΙΣΤΟΣ ΔΙΑΡΚΕΙΑΣ;
DON’T FORGET: when + Αόριστος Απλός
while , as + Αόριστος Διαρκείας
1) I …………………………….. (study) while I ………………………..………… (listen) to music.
2)When I ……………………………………. (come) home , I ……………………..……………….. (feel) very tired.
3)As he ………………………………….. (fix) his car , he ………………………….……….. (break) the horn.
4)Peter ………………………………….. (water) the flowers while Jane ……………………….………………. (cook) lunch.
5)While I …………………………..………. (eat) , my sister ………………………………….. (get) ready to go out.
6)What time ………….. your parents ………………………(get) home last night?
7)I ……………………..(have) a shower ,when someone…………………………….. (knock) on the door.
8)How many birthday presents ……………. you …………………………..(get) last year?
9)I ……………………… (buy) a new bike yesterday.
10)…………..you …………………………………(visit) London last summer?
PUT THE VERBS IN BRACKETS IN THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE
BEAUTY AND THE BEAST
Once upon a time there ……………… (be) a merchant (=έμπορος) who had three daughters. Beauty ………………(be) his favourite. She …………………..(use) to get up at four in the morning to have the house clean for the family .
One day the merchant ……………………… (have) to go away and he asked the girls what they would like to have as a present . Beauty …………………….(ask) for a rose . As he was getting back home , he …………………. (take) the wrong way . He …………………….. (ride) his horse until he ……………………. (get) to a castle . He…………………(go) into the castle to find shelter . The next day he …………………. (see) that the castle had a beautiful garden . He ……………….. (pick) a flower to give it to Beauty .
Suddenly , an enormous beast ……………………… (show) up and …………………………. (say):’You …………………. (steal) a rose from my garden . Bring your daughter to me or I’ll kill you’. He …………………………… (arrive) home in tears . ‘Take me to the castle’ , said Beauty.
Beauty and the Beast …………………………….(become) good friends . The Beast …………………………… (give) her a magic mirror that she ……………………………..(can) use to see her family.
One day she …………………………….(see) that her father ………………………….(be) ill . ‘If you promise to return in ten days , you can go’, ……………………….. (say) the Beast . Her father ……………………….. (recover) . But the jealous sisters ………………………… (ask) Beauty to stay .’So, the Beast will kill her’ , they …………………………………..(think). One day Beauty ………………………………..(wake) up from a nightmare:the Beast was dying . She ………………(go) back to the castle . Beauty ……………………………(run) to the Beast . ‘Don’t die , I love you’. At these words the Beast …………………………… (turn) into a prince . ‘An evil witch ……………………………(turn) me into a beast and only love …………………………(can) transform me back’ , …………………………….(explain) the prince .
And they ………………………….(live) happily ever after .
QUESTION WORDS
ΓΡΑΨΕ ΤΗΝ ΕΡΩΤΗΣΗ ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΠΟΙΩΝΤΑΣ ΛΕΞΕΙΣ ΑΠΟ ΤΟΝ ΠΑΡΑΚΑΤΩ ΠΙΝΑΚΑ
| How What How long
When Where How many Who Why What time |
| 1) Who did you visit? |
I visited my cousin.
| 2) ……………………………………………………………………………………………. |
She went to the beach.
| 3) ……………………………………………………………………………………………. |
He had dinner at 8:00.
| 4) …………………………………………………………………………………………… |
I made a cake.
| 5) …………………………………………………………………………………………… |
She cried because her dog ran away.
| 6) …………………………………………………………………………………………… |
He ate three hamburgers.
| 7) …………………………………………………………………………………………… |
They studied all day .
| 8) …………………………………………………………………………………………… |
He broke his leg while he was skiing .
| 9) …………………………………………………………………………………………… |
She met her friend , Annie.
| 10) …………………………………………………………………………………………. |
We stayed for a week.
| 11) …………………………………………………………………………………………. |
We painted our house last month.
| 12) ………………………………………………………………………………………… |
He came home from work at 9:00.
| 13) ……………………………………………………………………………………….. |
Mum made four sandwiches.
| 14) ……………………………………………………………………………………….. |
Paul bought a new bike yesterday .