Δημοσιεύθηκε στην Grammar

Πλάγιος Λόγος

REPORTED SPEECH – Special Introductory Verbs

+ to + infin.: agree, claim, demand, offer, promise, refuse, threaten

+ sb +to + infin.: advise, allow, ask, beg, command, encourage, forbid, instruct, invite, order,

permit, remind, urge, warn, want

 

+ ing form: accuse sb of, admit (to), apologise for, boast about, complain to sb about, deny,

insist on, suggest

 

+ that + clause: agree, boast, claim, complain, deny, exclaim, explain, inform sb, promise,

suggest

 

explain to sb why/how

“That’s how I recognized her”, he said to me.

He explained to me how he had recognized her.

 

wonder where/what/why/how + clause

(when the subject of the introductory verb is NOT the same as the subject of the indirect question)

“Why is she unhappy?” he asked himself.

He wondered why she was unhappy.

 

wonder where/what/how + to + infin

(when the subject of the infinitive is the same as the subject of the verb)

“Where shall I buy her present from?” he asked to himself.

He wondered where to buy her present from.

 

wonder + whether + to + infin. OR   wonder + whether + clause

“Shall I buy that new mobile phone?” he asked to himself.

He wondered whether to buy that new mobile phone OR

  He wondered whether he should buy that new mobile phone.

 

Δημοσιεύθηκε στην Writing

Γραπτός Λόγος ΙΙ

DISCURSIVE ESSAYS

A discursive essay is a piece of formal writing and discusses a particular issue, situation or problem.

There are three types of discursive essays:

1) For and against essays (advantages and disadvantages)

2) Opinion essays

3) Essays suggesting solutions to problems

 

For and against essay

Introduction: state the topic (without stating your opinion):

Main Body: ● arguments for & justification or examples

  • arguments against & justification or examples

Conclusion: balanced consideration and your opinion

 

Opinion essay

 

Introduction: state the topic and your opinion

Main Body: ● argument 1 & reason/justification

argument 2 & reason/justification

argument 3 & reason/justification

……………………..………………………….  *

  • opposing viewpoint and reason/example **

Conclusion: summarize / restate your opinion

 

*The arguments may be presented in one OR more than one paragraphs.

** The opposing viewpoint should be presented together with an argument that shows it is an unconvincing viewpoint. BE CAREFUL!!!

 

Essay suggesting solutions to problems

 

Introduction: state the problem(s) and its cause(s) / effect(s)

Main Body: suggestion/solution 1 & expected result / consequence(s)

suggestion/solution 2 & expected result / consequence(s)

suggestion/solution 3 & expected result / consequence(s)

………………………………*

Conclusion: state your opinion

 

*The suggestions/solutions may be presented in one OR more than one paragraphs.